Le Président Louis G. Vlavonou a procédé ce jour lundi 15 juin 2020 à la cérémonie d’ouverture du séminaire de renforcement de capacités organisé par l’Institut parlementaire du Bénin (IPAB) au profit des assistants des commissions permanentes de l’Assemblée Nationale du Bénin. C’était à l’hôtel Céline de Kétou. L’atelier financé par l’Assemblée Nationale a pour thème : « Rôle et responsabilités des assistants de commissions dans l’élaboration de la loi ».

Deux allocutions ont marqué les temps forts de la cérémonie d’ouverture. Il s’agit du discours de M. Djima Fataou, Directeur de l’IPAB et celui du Président Louis G. Vlavonou. Pour M. Djima Fataou, la présence massive des participants à ce séminaire, témoigne, s’il en était encore besoin, de l’importance et de l‘intérêt des thématiques qui seront débattues pendant les trois jours de formation et d’échanges prévus à l’agenda dudit séminaire. Aussi, a-t-il rassuré les uns et les autres que la tenue effective de ce séminaire laisse entrevoir une perspective d’amélioration aussi bien quantitative que qualitative de la production législative en ce qu’elle impacte directement le personnel des commissions permanentes qui appuient les députés dans la production législative. « En honorant de votre présence cette activité, vous en rehaussez l’image, mais aussi, vous témoignez de votre disponibilité à accompagner l’Institut parlementaire du Bénin que j’ai l’insigne honneur de diriger », a dit M. Djima Fataou à l’endroit du Président Louis G.  Vlavonou. Pour situer le contexte dans lequel se tient le séminaire, M. Djima Fataou a rappelé que « L ’Assemblée nationale, conformément aux articles 79 et 96 de la Constitution, est investie d’une fonction législative, c’est-à-dire de la mission de voter la loi. Aussi, convient-il de rappeler qu’en se référant à l’article 57 du même texte, le constituant est allé au-delà de la simple opération de vote en permettant au Parlement de prendre l’initiative des lois concurremment avec le Président de la République ». « A la lumière de ces attributions du Parlement, il apparait qu’une lourde responsabilité s’impose à ce dernier. En effet, il doit, dans l’exercice de ses missions de proposition et de vote des lois, s’assurer des effets des lois votées, de leur applicabilité et doter le pays d’une législation pleinement efficiente, gage de compétitivité et de progrès », a ajouté le D/IPAB pour qui  la qualité de la loi est largement tributaire de son applicabilité. S’assurer donc de cette qualité constitue l’une des responsabilités du Parlement qui doit veiller à ce que les lois dans leurs dispositions soient réalistes, claires et applicables, constitue pour M. Fataou un impératif de clarté et de bonne rédaction des textes de loi.

 Les attentes du Président Vlavonou

Le Président Louis G. Vlavonou accorde une très grande importance à ce séminaire qui se tient après plusieurs autres qui ont par le passé (en 2002 et en 2017) porté sur la même thématique. C’est ce qu’il a d’ailleurs clairement exprimé dans son allocution. «Au regard de l’importance et l’intérêt que revêtent pour vous les thèmes à développer au cours de ce séminaire,  je voudrais vous prier d’exprimer toutes vos préoccupations aux experts dont les capacités à vous faire assimiler toutes les notions à enseigner ne fait l’objet d’aucun doute. En sortant du présent séminaire, je souhaite vous voir beaucoup plus aguerris pour contribuer à l’amélioration des productions législatives. C’est dire donc qu’après ce séminaire, chaque assistant de commission doit pouvoir être en mesure de contribuer efficacement au processus d’élaboration de lois et amendements à soumettre aux députés en vue d’une meilleure règlementation de la vie de nos populations. Les Présidents de commissions permanentes seront invités à évaluer l’effet du présent séminaire sur le rendement de chaque assistant afin d’en rendre compte au Bureau de l’Assemblée nationale qui appréciera », a dit le Président Louis G. Vlavonou pour qui, « La formation est un levier essentiel pour le développement des ressources humaines ». « Elle a pour but, d’accroître l’efficacité des agents dans l’accomplissement des tâches qui leur sont confiées et de contribuer à une meilleure utilisation des ressources humaines dans l’administration publique. La formation permanente est à la fois, un droit pour l’agent de l’Etat et un devoir pour l’employeur. Elle devrait permettre, l’adaptation des commis de l’Etat aux emplois et aux fonctions de développement de l’administration », a-t-il ajouté par ailleurs.

La légistique : c’est quoi ?

Le discours prononcé par le Président Louis G. Vlavonou a eu le mérite de mettre les participants en phase par rapport à la quintessence du thème du séminaire. En sa qualité de pédagogue, le premier responsable de l’Assemblée Nationale n’a pas eu besoin outre mesure de forcer le talent pour expliquer aux participants l’essentiel à retenir du vocable légistique.  En effet, dans son exposé, il a dit que « La légistique englobe les connaissances et les méthodes spécifiques à l’activité législative. Elle sert à l’élaboration des actes législatifs. Elle a pour but de déterminer les meilleures modalités d’élaboration, de rédaction, d’édiction et d’application des normes juridiques », a expliqué le Président Vlavonou. S’inspirant par ailleurs de ce qu’écrivait Cédric Groulier,  il a ajouté que « la légistique se situe à mi-chemin entre savoir empirique et discipline scientifique. Cette  “science appliquée”, née de la sédimentation d’un savoir-faire en matière d’élaboration des textes normatifs, poursuit une ambition pratique : améliorer la qualité formelle et matérielle du droit ». « On parle ainsi d’abord de légistique formelle, qui vise à renforcer la qualité rédactionnelle des actes normatifs, à améliorer les procédures de leur élaboration, etc », a-t-il dit. « La légistique matérielle, poursuit le Président Vlavonou, intéresse quant à elle, le fond du droit, les choix normatifs : les préconisations adressées aux producteurs de normes portent alors sur la prise en compte des attentes des parties prenantes, la propension de la norme à permettre la réalisation d’objectifs de politiques publiques, l’évaluation des effets des règlementations sur les entreprises, les citoyens ou les collectivités territoriales, etc ». « Si les questions formelles constituent un point central des formations en légistique (rédaction, respect des règles de légalité externe des actes juridiques, modalités de leur entrée en vigueur…), les préoccupations matérielles (comme l’évaluation des effets de la norme) prennent de plus en plus d’importance. », a conclu le Président de l’Assemblée Nationale.

El-Hadj Affissou Anonrin

Une vue partielle ….
… des participants présents à l’atelier

 

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